Page 1 – In Short
Page 2 – At a glance
Page 3 – Range
Page 4 – Safety
Page 5 – ILS
Page 6 – Engines
Page 7 – Direct Control
Page 8 – Adaptive brakes
Page 9 – Tradition
More dynamic, safer, more powerful and even better value-for-money
After four years in production and around a million vehicles sold, Mercedes-Benz is presenting the new generation of its world-beating E-Class. Some 2000 parts in the E-Class are new or further developments. The Saloon and Estate boast new bodystyling, which is even more dynamic, poised and assured than before. The E-Class is once again setting the benchmark as the technology trendsetter. No other car in this market segment can match the range of safety innovations including PRE-SAFE®, Intelligent Light System, NECK-PRO head restraints and adaptive brake lights. These extensive safety features make the E-Class the safest car in its class. The DIRECT CONTROL package, with more direct steering and a retuned suspension, and six new or enhanced engines take agility and driving pleasure to new heights. Maintaining the same level of fuel economy, these engines develop up to 26 percent more output and 18 percent more torque. The prices for the four and six-cylinder models remain unchanged despite the more extensive standard specification.
The E-Class was the No. 1 archetypal executive saloon in Western Europe in 2005, accounting for 30 percent of the market. In Germany 38 percent of all buyers of premium models chose the E-Class Saloon, helping maintain the Saloon's position as German market leader for four years running. Worldwide Mercedes-Benz has sold around a million vehicles from the current E-Class line-up since spring 2002 - 860,000 Saloons and 140,000 Estates.
For over 60 years the E-Class and its predecessors have been the "heart" of Mercedes-Benz, representing basic brand values like safety, comfort, innovation, economy and quality. Since 1946 Mercedes-Benz has delivered some ten million luxury sedans to customers all over the world.
In June 2006 the E-Class will be unveiled with an even more dynamic concept, additional pioneering innovations and an upgraded standard specification. 29 model variants will be available - 16 Saloons and 13 Estates. As such, Mercedes-Benz will be offering the largest, most varied model range in this market segment. With outputs ranging from 100 kW/136 hp to 378 kW/ 514 hp, the new generation E-Class outpaces the previous model range (90 kW/122 hp to 350 kW/476 hp) and its competitors.
A revamped front-end design reflects the dynamism, power, poise and assurance of the new generation E-Class. The bumper and radiator grille feature a pronounced V-shape, which epitomises power and forward motion. Mercedes Benz has enhanced the familiar twin-headlamp face of the E-Class by adding transparent louvres to the top section of the headlamps, producing a striking light effect when switched on. And for the first time white LEDs have been used as parking lights. Mercedes-Benz has further accentuated the dynamic appearance of the E Class on all model variants with side skirts and rear bumper in the AVANTGARDE design.
Inside, the new generation model differs from the outgoing model with new eye-catching colours, a new four-spoke steering wheel featuring elliptical thumb-operated buttons and a new control unit for the standard-fit THERMATIC automatic climate control. The Mercedes designers have also redefined the coordinated colour schemes, upholstery and materials; for the AVANTGARDE line in particular there are two new colours (cognac brown and sahara beige), which add an extra touch of refinement in conjunction with the black roof lining.
Safety: setting the standards in the premium segment with PRE-SAFE® and other innovations
Pioneering innovations help the E-Class continue to set the pace of passenger car safety in its market segment: Saloon and Estate are equipped as standard with the anticipatory PRE-SAFE® system whose "reflexes" respond before an impending collision by activating protection measures for the driver and front passenger. As a result, the seatbelt and airbag provide maximum protection in the event of a collision. PRE-SAFE®, a world first which went into series production in the S-Class in 2002 and since then has received numerous international awards, heralds the start of a new era in vehicle safety. No other premium-class model can offer this kind of anticipatory protection system.
The standard-fit NECK-PRO head restraints on the E-Class are equally unique. During a rear impact the sensor-controlled head restraints are moved forward to provide protection for the driver's and front passenger's heads within milliseconds. The crash-responsive head restraints prevent the upper spinal column from bending as a result of the accident, reducing the risk of whiplash injuries, one of the most common accident injuries costing around eight billion euros annually in the European Union.
Mercedes-Benz is fitting the new generation E-Class with flashing brake lights to prevent rear-end collisions. They warn the drivers behind more effectively than conventional brake lights when there is a risk of an accident. Tests conducted by Mercedes engineers show that the drivers' braking reaction time can be shortened on average by up to 0.2 seconds if a flashing warning light is used during emergency braking. As a result, the braking distance can be reduced by 5.50 metres at 100 km/h.
Mercedes-Benz has also consistently fine-tuned the occupant safety features on the E-Class. The Saloon and Estate meet the most stringent international crash standards such as the U.S. 80 km/h rear impact test or the new U.S. side crash test, which simulates a collision with a heavy off-road vehicle. To date, the E-Class has completed some 330 crash tests as part of ongoing improvements to vehicle safety.
Intelligent Light System: world premiere of new headlamp technology
The new generation E-Class is the first vehicle to feature adaptive headlamps, which respond to the prevailing driving and weather conditions providing a significant improvement in driving safety. The Intelligent Light System, available as an option for the Saloon and Estate, is based on the powerful bi-xenon headlamps and includes five different lighting functions: the new country mode provides brighter, further illumination of the offside verge than the previous low-beam headlamps. Here the driver's range of vision is increased by around ten metres, which allows him to recognise other road users or obstacles earlier in the dark. The motorway mode, activated automatically at speeds above 90 km/h, produces an even light cone that extends to a range of up to 120 metres, illuminating the entire road width. In the centre of this light cone the driver can see around 50 metres further. Thanks to the enhanced fog lamps, also part of the new Intelligent Light System, Mercedes-Benz has also improved orientation in fog whilst reducing backglare.
The engineers in Sindelfingen have further developed and improved the Active Light System, which Mercedes-Benz unveiled in the E-Class in spring 2003. Another component of the Intelligent Light System is the cornering light function, which provides enhanced safety when turning at intersections or taking bends slowly.
Diesel engines: noticeably more output from the four-cylinder engines
Six of the 10 engines in the new generation E-Class are new or further develop-ments. They provide up to 60 kW/82 hp more output and up to 70 Nm more torque. Nonetheless the fuel consumption figures remain on a par with the exemplary level of the outgoing models: one in three Mercedes models sporting an "E" on the model badge uses less than eight litres of fuel per 100 kilometres; the average fuel consumption of all body and drive variants in the line-up from the E 200 CDI to the E 500 is just nine litres per 100 kilometres. As such, the E Class will continue to build on one of its outstanding features: economy.
The Mercedes engineers have optimised the four-cylinder diesel engines in the E 200 CDI and E 220 CDI right down to the last detail. Over 90 components in the CDI engines are new or further developments. All these measures add up to a substantial advance in terms of output, torque and smoother running. While fuel consumption remains consistently low at just 6.3 litres per 100 kilometres, the output of the E 200 CDI has been increased by 10 kW/14 hp to 100 kW/136 hp. Maximum torque has been increased from 270 to 340 Nm.
Balancer shafts in the crankcase, standard specification also on the E 200 CDI, provide the sort of smooth-running characteristics more readily associated with a six-cylinder engine.
The new E 220 CDI develops a maximum output of 125 kW/170 hp and maximum torque of 400 Nm, around 14 and 18 percent respectively more than the outgoing model. Fuel consumption remains at the same low level of 6.3 litres per 100 kilometres (Estate: 7.1 l/100 km). Meanwhile the new six-cylinder diesel engine in the E 320 CDI (165 kW/ 224 hp) now provides even more torque: peak torque has been increased from 510 to 540 Nm.
In the USA the E-Class in the guise of the E 320 CDI since 2004 is the first diesel model in the premium-class segment in the USA. From model year 2007 Mercedes-Benz intends to launch the first diesel production vehicle in the USA with the trailblazing BLUETEC technology, which will provide further remarkable reductions in nitrogen oxide emissions. The future E 320 BLUETEC will be the world's cleanest diesel, using 20 to 40 percent less fuel than comparable petrol-engined vehicles. In Europe Mercedes-Benz plans to launch BLUETEC in a passenger car model by 2008.
Petrol engines: more powerful supercharged engine and new eight-cylinder engine
When it came to the petrol engines, the Mercedes engines paid particular attention to the four and eight-cylinder variants. The four-cylinder engine in the E 200 KOMPRESSOR delivers 12.5 percent more output than before: 135 kW/184 hp. At the same time, maximum torque has been increased to 250 Nm.
From mid-2006, the E-Class engine range will be headed by the newly developed 5.5-litre eight-cylinder engine from the S-Class with an output of 285 kW/388 hp. Compared with the previous V8, the new engine delivers 26 percent more output. At 530 Nm the torque also comfortably exceeds the maximum for the preceding engine by around 15 percent. The new E 500 delivers the performance profile of a sports car: the Saloon accelerates from 0 to 100 km/h in just 5.3 seconds, 0.7 seconds faster than the previous E 500.
The new E 63 AMG from the Mercedes-AMG stable is fitted with a naturally aspirated V8 engine delivering 378 kW/514 hp and maximum torque of 630 Nm. The E 63 AMG is the most powerful E-Class of all times.
DIRECT CONTROL: package for even more dynamic driving pleasure
The new generation of the successful Mercedes model series looks more dynamic, delivers more power and also offers even more agile handling. DIRECT CONTROL makes this possible: with this standard-fit package the Mercedes engineers have made remarkable progress in terms of handling dynamics, without compromising the combination of safety and long-distance comfort, the consistent hallmark of the E-Class Saloon and Estate.
Increasing the direct steering by around 10 percent makes the E Class more responsive to steering movements. Nonetheless the E-Class continues to reassure drivers with its superb handling safety and stability. Newly developed spring link bearings also support lateral forces more effectively when cornering and enhance the neutral cornering characteristics of the Saloon and Estate still more. The ELEGANCE and AVANTGARDE models also come with rebound buffer springs, which effectively limit body roll when cornering. The DIRECT CONTROL package also includes a new gearshift linkage system for the six-speed manual transmission for high gearshifting comfort and precision.
The ADAPTIVE BRAKE system is taken from the new Mercedes-Benz S-Class and provides new safety and comfort features thanks to the electronic control of the hydraulic dual-circuit brakes. An automatic tyre pressure loss warning system also forms part of the extended standard equipment on the E-Class.
Page 1 – In Short
Page 2 – At a glance
Page 3 – Range
Page 4 – Safety
Page 5 – ILS
Page 6 – Engines
Page 7 – Direct Control
Page 8 – Adaptive brakes
Page 9 – Tradition
Equipment
ADAPTIVE BRAKE
Flashing brake lights
Two-part load-compartment floor (with oddments tray and chrome handle in Estate)
17-inch light-alloy wheels for AVANTGARDE (apart from E 200 CDI and E 220 CDI)
Stowage net in the boot
THERMATIC control unit with display
Bag hooks in the boot
Safety
PRE-SAFE®
Flashing brake lights
Intelligent Light System
EASY-PACK system for the Saloon
Tyre pressure loss warning system
Rain sensor with second sensitivity setting
Engines and transmissions
E 200 CDI and E 220 CDI with up to 13 percent higher output
E 200 KOMPRESSOR with 15 kW/20 hp more output
E 320 CDI with 30 Nm more torque
New E 500 with 60 kW/82 hp more output
New E 63 AMG with 378-kW/514-hp naturally aspirated V8 engine
DIRECT CONTROL: more direct gearshift linkage system for the six-speed transmission
New-look steering-wheel gearshift paddles in combination with sports package
Suspension
DIRECT CONTROL: modifications to the steering, suspension for even more agile handling
Design
New-look front section with more pronounced V-shape, larger radiator grille and modified bumper trim
New single-strut exterior mirrors
Side skirts in AVANTGARDE design
New tail-lamp unit design and rear bumper in AVANTGARDE design
New wider trim strip on the boot lid
Larger, high-level brake light on the Estate
New-look steering wheel and redesigned gearshift lever
New fabric patterns and new interior colour concept
CLASSIC with new eucalyptus trim
|
|
Cyl. |
cc |
kW/hp |
Nm from rpm |
Trans |
0-100 (s) |
km/h |
l/100 km (combined) |
|
E 200 CDI |
4 |
2148 |
100/136 |
340/ |
MT6 |
9.9 |
214 |
6.3 |
|
E 220 CDI E 220 CDI Estate |
4 |
2148 |
125/170 |
400/ |
MT6 MT6 |
8.4 9.1 |
227 218 |
6.3 7.1 |
|
E 280 CDI E 280 CDI Estate E 280 CDI 4MATIC E 280 CDI 4MATIC |
6 |
2987 |
140/190 |
400/ 440/ |
MT6 MT6 AT5 AT5 |
8.6 9.1 8.2 9.0 |
241 231 234 226 |
6.9-7.1 7.2-7.4 7.8-8.0 8.2-8.5 |
|
E 320 CDI E 320 CDI Estate E 320 CDI 4MATIC E 320 CDI 4MATIC Estate |
6 |
2987 |
165/224 |
540/ 510/ |
AT7 AT7 AT5 AT5 |
6.8 7.3 7.4 8.1 |
250 240 244 236 |
7.3-7.6 7.6-8.1 7.9-8.1 8.3-8.6 |
|
E 420 CDI |
8 |
3996 |
231/314 |
730/ |
AT7 |
6.1 |
250 |
9.3 |
|
E 200 KOMPRESSOR E 200 K Estate |
4 |
1796 |
135/184 |
250/ |
MT6 MT6 |
9.1 9.5 |
236 225 |
8.2-8.8 8.9-9.1 |
|
E 200 NGT |
4 |
1796 |
120/163 |
240/ |
AT5 |
10.7 |
227 |
9.0-9.3 (6.1-6.3 kg) |
|
E 280 E 280 E 280 E 280 |
6 |
2996 |
170/231 |
300/ |
MT6 MT6 AT5 AT5 |
7.3 8.1 7.8 8.3 |
250 246 244 232 |
9.3-9.5 9.6-9.8 9.9-10.2 10.3-10.6 |
|
E 350 E 350 E 350 E 350 |
6 |
3498 |
200/272 |
350/ |
AT7 AT7 AT5 AT5 |
6.9 7.1 7.1 7.4 |
250 250 250 245 |
9.7-10.2 9.9-10.4 10.4-10.7 10.6-11.0 |
|
E 500 E 500
|
8 |
5461 |
285/388 |
530/ |
AT7 AT7 AT5 AT5 |
5.3 5.4 5.5 5.7 |
250 250 250 250 |
11.5 11.8 12.3 12.6 |
|
E 63 AMG E 63 AMG Estate |
8 |
6208 |
378/514 |
630/ |
AT7 AT7 |
4.5 4.6 |
250 250 |
14.3 14.5 |
MT6 = six-speed manual transmission; AT5 = five-speed automatic transmission; AT7 = seven-speed automatic transmission
Page 1 – In Short
Page 2 – At a glance
Page 3 – Range
Page 4 – Safety
Page 5 – ILS
Page 6 – Engines
Page 7 – Direct Control
Page 8 – Adaptive brakes
Page 9 – Tradition
Range: largest and most varied model range
Design: new front end with a sporty, muscular character
Standard appointments: more Mercedes for the same price
Individuality: choice of three lines and two sports packages
Innovation, individuality, dynamism, economy and quality – these have always been the characteristic attributes of the Mercedes-Benz E-Class, and now they are being reinforced. From summer 2006 this model series will offer even more top-class technology, even more dynamic driving pleasure and even more extensive appointments. All in all, around 2000 components of the Saloon and Estate have been newly developed or improved by Mercedes-Benz, therefore this really is a new generation of the E-Class.
With a total of 29 model variants, Mercedes-Benz offers the world’s largest and most varied model range in the upper medium class. Three autonomous design and equipment lines, two sports packages, five interior and eleven exterior colours, the exclusive designo range and more than 70 innovative extras offer unprecedented scope for individualisation. Making each individual E-Class a valuable one-off. The new generation E-Class has:
16 Saloons powered by petrol, diesel and natural gas engines. The range of engine outputs extends from 100 kW/136 hp in the E 200 CDI to 378 kW/514 hp in the E 63 AMG. Five engine variants are also optionally available with 4MATIC four-wheel drive, among them two diesel models.
13 Estates with petrol and diesel engines whose output ranges from 125 kW/170 hp to 378 kW/514 hp.
Front-end design: muscular, self-assured appearance
The newly designed front-end design reflects typical attributes of the new generation E-Class: dynamism, performance and serenity. These are e.g. accentuated by the pronounced V-shape of the bumper and radiator grille, which epitomises power and forward motion. The louvred radiator grille is a good three centimetres higher, enhancing these attributes and emphasising the self-assured appearance of these models even more than before. The Mercedes trademark, the world-famous star, has been repositioned to the upper chrome frame of the radiator grille, where it is even more prominent as an identifying feature.
The striking twin-headlamp face remains the defining feature of the front end, however a deeper look into these beautiful "eyes" reveals a new styling effect which further enhances the overall appearance: horizontal louvres divide the upper section of the main headlamps, acting together with other design features to emphasise the width of the front end for a more dominant, muscular impression. When the headlamps are switched on, these louvres draw attention to themselves in another way: they are transparent, and create an interesting lighting effect which lends additional style to the twin headlamp design.
The same applies to the smaller "eyes" in the front end of the E-Class. If the vehicle is equipped with bi-xenon headlamps, the newly developed LED parking lights are brilliant white for an additional eye-catching effect.
Mercedes designers have also restyled the lower section of the bumper cladding and the foglamps to achieve further visual effects. Two prominent bars flowing harmoniously from the contour of the bumper divide the lower air intake and act together with the oval foglamps to contribute a further dynamic aspect to the appearance of the new generation E-Class.
Side and rear aspects: dynamic lines and a powerful finish
Mercedes-Benz has now enhanced the side view with the side skirts familiar from the sporty AVANTGARDE styling. The exterior mirror housings are another example of a pleasing form and perfect function, as their single-axis design is visually more attractive. Changes to the Estate include redesigned roof rails and the roof-mounted aerial, which are now closer to the centre.
Like the side skirts, all models in the new generation E-Class now have a rear bumper in the AVANTGARDE design, thereby accentuating the dynamic aspect of the overall appearance even more at the rear. The chrome strip on the boot lid of the Saloon is now longer, achieving an impression of more width which lends a more powerful appearance to the rear end.
The redesigned rear lights appear larger and more dominant by virtue of lenses in dark-tinted clear glass. The transparent lens of the third brake light allows a view of its up-to-date LED technology; in the Estate this LED strip extends almost across the entire width of the restyled roof spoiler for an even better warning effect.
Interior: new colours, upholsteries and materials
Mercedes-Benz has upgraded the interior of the E-Class with great attention to detail. All models now have a redesigned four-spoke steering wheel with attractive, elliptical function keys and a new control unit for the standard THERMATIC automatic climate control system, which now has a clearly laid-out information display. The interior colours and fabric patterns have also been newly coordinated.
Standard appointments: significantly more value at no extra cost
Mercedes-Benz has significantly upgraded the already extensive standard appointments to offer its customers further benefits in terms of safety and comfort. All the models in the new generation E-Class are now equipped with the preventive occupant protection system PRE-SAFE®, which is able to activate protective measures even before an impending accident, and flashing brake lights as an effective warning to prevent rear-end collisions. Another new standard feature is the tyre pressure loss warning system, which informs the driver with a message in the cockpit display if the air pressure in a tyre falls rapidly. The standard rain sensor now hast wo additional, manually adjustable sensitivity settings, and the Estate has a transversely divided load compartment floor with two opening flaps and high-quality chrome handles.
Mercedes engineers have also improved and reconfigured the steering, front axle and gearshift linkage as part of the standard DIRECT CONTROL package, which means that the Saloon and Estate now have even more agile handling with no compromise in terms of comfort.
The E-Class models are powered by up-to-date four, six and eight-cylinder engines. Two of the V8-engines are new developments with an up to 26-percent increase in output; Mercedes-Benz has also developed the two four-cylinder diesel engines further, achieving an increase of up to 18 percent in both output and torque.
Despite these extensive additional appointments and technical improvements, the prices of the four and six-cylinder models remain unchanged. In other words, the new generation E-Class offers even more Mercedes for the same money.
Lines: individuality ex factory
With the three design and equipment lines, Mercedes-Benz continues to meet the wishes of many customers who seek to give their car a personal look. The lines are called CLASSIC, ELEGANCE and AVANTGARDE, and they accurately describe the different characters of the model variants, which are distinguished by the following design features:
In the CLASSIC line, the new generation E-Class possesses all the quality attributes typical of a Mercedes – especially where safety and comfort are concerned. The characteristics of this line include redesigned light-alloy wheels, a radiator grille with grey-painted louvres, foglamps with black surrounds, light-alloy wheels in a seven-spoke design and rubbing strips painted in the vehicle colour. Eucalyptus wood trim ensures a cosy atmosphere in the interior.
The ELEGANCE line lives up to its name with an even more exclusive appearance. The exterior is elegantly enhanced with discreet chrome inserts in the bumpers, rubbing strips and door handles, as well as a radiator grille painted in atlas grey. The light-alloy wheels are in an eleven-spoke design. In the interior this model variant is distinguished by brown burr walnut trim and chrome instrument surrounds, as well as by a new leather/wood shift lever and a leather-covered steering wheel.
The name AVANTGARDE stands for Mercedes models with a particular styling emphasis: youthful, dynamic, progressive and highly individual. The E-Class demonstrates these attributes with bi-xenon headlamps, black-painted louvres in the radiator grille, 17-inch light-alloy wheels in a five twin-spoke design and LED brake lights as standard, while the interior features a leather-covered steering wheel, a leather/aluminium shift lever and seat upholstery in an interesting material mix of fabric and man-made ARTICO leather. If leather upholstery is specified, the AVANTGARDE interior is now available in two-tone black/sahara beige or black/cognac brown in addition to black and grey, and with a black roof lining.
Sports package: exclusivity on 18-inch wheels
In addition to the design and equipment lines, two sports packages offer further opportunities to equip the Saloon and Estate according to personal taste and reinforce the dynamic character of the E-Class even further. The packages contain highly desirable features which are not available individually. These include high-sheen 18-inch light-alloy wheels in a ten twin-spoke design, wide-base tyres in size 245/40 R 18 (front) and 265/35 R 18 (rear), perforated brake discs, a four-spoke steering wheel with integral gearshift paddles (if an automatic transmission is specified), sports seats in ARTICO with contrasting, light-coloured decorative seams and a sports suspension with speed-dependent parameter steering and the body lowered by 15 millimetres.
The AMG sports package, which is available in conjunction with all lines, also includes AMG-Styling, AMG tailpipes, 18-inch AMG light-alloy wheels, an AMG ergonomic sports steering wheel with integral gearshift paddles and AMG floor mats.
Optional extras: Mercedes high-tech for safe, stress-free driving
The attribute of individuality is closely linked to innovation at Mercedes-Benz. With a unique range of innovative comfort and support systems, customers are able to tailor the E-Class even more specifically to their personal wishes and requirements.
The choice includes Mercedes innovations such as the Intelligent Light System combined with bi-xenon headlamps, DISTRONIC proximity cruise control, AIRMATIC DC air suspension, bi-xenon headlamps, the 7G-TRONIC seven-speed automatic transmission, THERMOTRONIC four-zone climate control, PARKTRONIC, COMAND APS, a surround-sound system, a panoramic sliding sunroof, dynamic multicontour seats and a tyre pressure monitoring system. All in all, the list of optional extras for the E-Class contains more than 70 innovative and valuable options.
designo: exclusive appointments as a package
With the designo range, Mercedes-Benz offers further individual paint finishes, interior colours and items of trim for even more exclusive tastes. For the ELEGANCE and AVANTGARDE lines in the new generation E-Class, for example, there is a choice of twelve designo paint finishes (metallic) and single or two-tone leather upholstery in nine colours. Wood trim in maple grain, designo umbra, cinnamora designo matte red-brown, poplar brown designo and burr walnut provides further highlights in the interior. The roof lining is black if one of the designo leather interiors is specified.
The two designo packages which Mercedes-Benz has developed for the Saloons in the new generation E-Class are particularly interesting. These include various exclusive features at a favourable all-in price. The price advantage for the customer is around 1100 Euro:
designo Edition I contains interior trim in poplar designo brown and a roof lining in anthracite alcantara. The seats and centre door panels are lined in fine designo leather in a sand tone. The black fitted carpets are edged in leather.
designo Edition II contains wood trim in cinnamora designo matte red-brown and an anthracite-coloured roof lining in alcantara. Mercedes designers have chosen the designo leather in corteccia for the seats and centre door panels. This package is likewise rounded off by black fitted carpets with leather edging.
Page 1 – In Short
Page 2 – At a glance
Page 3 – Range
Page 4 – Safety
Page 5 – ILS
Page 6 – Engines
Page 7 – Direct Control
Page 8 – Adaptive brakes
Page 9 – Tradition
Most comprehensive safety features of all premium-class cars
PRE-SAFE® anticipatory occupant protection as standard
NECK-PRO head restraints help prevent whiplash injuries
Hallmark Mercedes innovative details provide outstanding safety
Sophisticated safety features to meet the latest, most stringent crash tests
Thanks to adaptive front airbags and belt force limiters that can adjust to the accident’s severity, rollover sensor, standard-fit windowbags and an intelligently designed body structure, which also provides occupants with excellent protection in the event of a serious collision, the E-Class was already setting the pace for passenger car safety in the premium-class segment at its world premiere in spring 2002. Top marks in ratings tests confirmed the benchmark position of the Mercedes model series.
The Mercedes engineers have raised the bar even further, equipping the new generation E-Class with safety systems that no other vehicle in its class can match. The E-Class is simply the safest car in this market segment.
Implementing the holistic Mercedes safety concept was central to this focussed approach, a safety concept based on accident research covering all phases of passenger car safety. A key component in these measures is the combination of active and passive safety elements, in other words networking accident prevention systems with occupant protection.
PRE-SAFE® is the key concept behind this new era in vehicle safety. It encompasses an innovative protection concept based on the principle of prevention: PRE-SAFE® is networked with state-of-the-art safety systems such as ESP® and Brake Assist and, thanks to its sensors, can recognise a potentially dangerous driving manoeuvre in its early stages. If the vehicle is likely to be involved in an accident as a result of heavy understeer or oversteer or the driver has to brake hard in an emergency, PRE-SAFE® activates a series of preventive measures to improve protection for the vehicle’s occupants.
In other words: unlike in the past, the passive passenger car safety does not wait for the impact but kicks in before the impending collision thanks to PRE-SAFE®. The Mercedes invention makes use of the time between identifying a potentially dangerous situation and an imminent crash for occupant protection.
The system draws on the insights gleaned from accident research, according to which two thirds of all serious accidents are preceded by critical driving situations such as skidding, emergency braking or sudden evasive action, situations that allow conclusions to be drawn from an early stage about an imminent accident. Previously these precious few seconds were not used for passive occupant protection. Thanks to PRE-SAFE® the car provides a reflex response to possible danger and activates anticipatory occupant protection measures.
This pioneering safety system celebrated its world premiere in the Mercedes-Benz S-Class in 2002, adding a raft of international awards to the collection. From mid 2006 PRE-SAFE® will be part of the standard-fit safety equipment for the new generation E-Class Saloon and Estate.
The PRE-SAFE® functions aim to prepare occupants and car for a potential accident - as a precaution. If the anticipated collision does not occur at the last moment, the E-Class can simply drive away immediately: all PRE-SAFE® measures are reversible and can be restored to their original positions. The system is then ready to go into action again if necessary.
Standard-fit PRE-SAFE® protection for emergency braking and skidding
The Mercedes engineers distinguished between critical driving manoeuvres involving high lateral or extreme longitudinal dynamics when designing the anticipatory occupant protection. Depending on the situation, precisely differentiated preventive measures are activated -- always aimed at ensuring the tried-and-trusted safety systems such as seatbelt or airbag can offer maximum protection in the event of a collision:
In the event of emergency or panic braking using Brake Assist, PRE-SAFE® pretensions the driver’s and front passenger’s seat belts as a precaution to press them firmly into their seats, increase the distance to the dashboard and reduce the forwards movement of front seat occupants in the event of an accident. To provide this important PRE-SAFE® function the front belt tensioners on the E-Class are fitted with powerful electric motors that respond within milliseconds to take up the belt slack.
In the event of emergency or panic braking, PRE-SAFE® also starts moving the front passenger seat into a better position as a precaution if the current settings are not ideal -- provided an electrically adjustable front passenger seat with memory function is fitted. The system adjusts the angle of the front passenger seat cushion and backrest as well as the seat’s longitudinal setting. The system moves the front passenger into a position that enables the airbag to deploy more effectively and provides firm restraint via the shoulder strap. The risk is also reduced of sliding forward under the seat belt and being injured in the event of an accident.
In the event of skidding caused by heavy understeer or oversteer, PRE SAFE® activates additional safety functions: the sunroof and side windows start to close as a precaution if the car starts to skid. Closed side windows provide better support for the windowbags that inflate in the event of a side impact or rollover. This preventive measure also reduces the risk of occupants being thrown from the vehicle or objects flying into the car from outside.
The sunroof is networked with PRE-SAFE® because accident researchers frequently find that occupants are thrown out of the vehicle through the open roof when the vehicle rolls over. Closing the sunroof as a precaution also reduces the risk of objects flying into the car from outside.
Analysis of data from crash tests carried out by Mercedes engineers shows just how important and effective anticipatory occupant protection is. Take belt tensioning for example: because the driver and front passenger are optimally secured in their seats thanks to this precautionary measure and do not move as far forward on impact, the loads on the head and neck are reduced. The loads on the head were around 30 percent less during these tests while the experts in Sindelfingen found the loads on the neck reduced by around 20 percent.
Crash-responsive head restraints provide effective protection in the event of a rear-end collision
Another new safety feature on the new generation E-Class has been christened NECK-PRO. Mercedes-Benz developed this innovative head restraint, along with PRE-SAFE® and other Mercedes innovations, by analysing real-world accidents: NECK-PRO is an effective means of reducing the risk of upper spinal column injury in the event of a rear-end collision.
Whiplash injuries, caused by the sudden forwards and backwards movement of the head and the bending of the upper spinal column, are one of the most common accident injuries in Europe costing around 8 billion euros annually according to estimates from the EU Commission.
NECK-PRO is a sensor-controlled, crash-responsive head restraint that can be activated during a rear-end collision. Once the sensors detect a rear-end collision with a defined impact severity, they release pre-tensioned springs inside the head restraints, which move the padded surface of the head restraints
forward by approx. 40 millimetres and
upwards by 30 millimetres
within fractions of a second. This means the heads of the front occupants are supported at any early stage, preventing the upper spinal column from bending during the accident.
After NECK-PRO has been activated, the head restraints can be pushed back to their original position by hand, after which they are once more immediately ready for use.
The standard specification of the new generation E-Class includes NECK-PRO head restraints for the driver and front passenger.
The standard-fit occupant restraint system at a glance:
|
|
Front seats |
Rear seats |
|
Automatic seat belts |
• |
• |
|
PRE-SAFE® seatbelt tensioners |
• |
|
|
Belt-buckle tensioners |
• |
• |
|
Belt force limiters |
• |
• |
|
Automatic front passenger detection |
• |
|
|
Crash-responsive NECK-PRO head restraints, adjustable for height and angle |
• |
|
|
Head restraints, adjustable for height and angle |
|
• |
|
Two-stage front airbags |
• |
|
|
Sidebags |
• |
Optional |
|
Windowbags |
• |
• |
• = Standard
Unique details provide hallmark Mercedes all-round safety
A raft of other technical innovations also contributes to the exemplary safety of the E-Class. They are only mentioned on those rare occasions and are literally hidden under the bodywork, but are no less important in terms of occupant protection than innovations like NECK-PRO, PRE-SAFE®, belt tensioners or airbags. Many of these patented developments set the E-Class apart from other cars, underlining its role as the safety trendsetter in the premium-class segment. The well-thought-out, effective details that make the Mercedes what it is include:
Wheel support in the event of an offset frontal impact
The forward extension of the side skirts supports the wheel in the event of an offset frontal crash, preventing it from coming through into the footwell. This set-up also enables more energy to be absorbed through the wheels.
Foam padding in the footwell on the driver’s side
The E-Class has energy-absorbing foam inserts behind the foot rest, in the carpet as well as underneath the accelerator pedal. They dampen footwell movement in the event of an impact, in turn reducing the loads on feet and legs.
Footwell panel for the front passenger
The foot rest in the footwell on the front passenger’s side comprises a metal panel covered with energy-absorbing foam, which cushions the impact as the feet strike the foot rest. The metal panel is also designed to deform specifically and so absorb the impact energy. The lower fixing points for the footwell panel can be released under high load, reducing the loads even further.
Impact-absorbing elements in the pillar trim
In the event of a side collision, the sturdy body structure and special impact-absorbing elements in the interior pillar trim and in the seats form a kind of rollover cage. The cage also provides the necessary space so the sidebags can deploy to reduce the loads on occupants.
Two-part EASY-PACK cargo rails
The EASY-PACK system in the Estate ensures the cargo is stowed securely. The aluminium rails in the load compartment are split into two and designed so they slide past each other in the event of a rear-end collision. This ensures the load-securing rails do not come through into the passenger compartment.
Central side member for the Estate
If the E-Class Estate is fitted with a third row of seats in the rear, an additional central side member increases the safety of passengers in the rearmost row. The sturdy support member significantly reduces deformation in the event of a rear-end collision.
Wood trim with metal-based splinter protection
The wood trim in the interior of the E-Class is made up of multiple layers. Metallic strips mounted on the back prevent the wood from splintering in the event of a collision.
Fuel system with automatic “emergency fuel cut-off�
To reduce the risk of fire, the engine and fuel pump are switched off in accidents above a certain severity. The injection valves are also opened automatically to reduce the pressure in the fuel lines. Certain portions of the fuel lines are steel clad (“armoured hoses�).
Sophisticated development of safety systems with around 330 crash tests to date
As part of its development and ongoing further development, the E-Class has completed around 330 crash tests at the Mercedes-Benz Technology Center to date. In the past few months alone, dozens of impact tests have been conducted allowing the engineers in Sindelfingen to prepare the Saloon and Estate for the latest legal and ratings standards, including ...
the U.S. rear impact test FMVSS 301, still only a few months old, which involves an 80 km/h collision with a 70-percent overlap of the rear section.
the new side impact crash test (50 km/h) from the U.S. Insurance Institute for Highway Safety (IIHS). The test involves an impact barrier weighing 1500 kilograms with 379-millimetre ground clearance colliding with the side structure of a passenger car. This test aims to simulate a side collision with a heavy off-road vehicle. To pass this extremely rigorous impact test, the B pillars on the E-Class were reinforced in specific areas and the criteria used to deploy the sidebags redefined. The sturdy design of the doors, door locks and door hinges withstood the rigours of this impact test; the design provides a sturdy coupling that disperses the impact forces to the A and B-pillars.
The E-Class has successfully completed over two dozen crash tests to comply with internationally applicable safety and ratings standards. Another nine Mercedes crash tests have also been completed, some of which go way beyond the legal requirements.
Page 1 – In Short
Page 2 – At a glance
Page 3 – Range
Page 4 – Safety
Page 5 – ILS
Page 6 – Engines
Page 7 – Direct Control
Page 8 – Adaptive brakes
Page 9 – Tradition
Bi-xenon-headlamps: with variable low beam for improved safety
Country mode: better verge illumination than with low-beam headlamps
Motorway mode: visibility increased by around 50 metres
Enhanced fog lamps: brighter illumination of road edges
Active light function: increased swivel angle for tight bends
The Mercedes-Benz E-Class has been a trailblazer in the field of lighting technology for more than ten years: in 1995 the Saloon was one of the first cars to feature the newly-developed xenon headlamps. These were standard equipment for the AVANTGARDE line and made the striking twin-headlamp look even more interesting. In spring 2003 the E-Class was the world’s first car with the active light function, and from mid-2006 this Mercedes model series will follow up with the next world premiere in lighting technology – the Intelligent Light System.
The system incorporates no less than five different lighting functions, which are configured for typical driving and weather conditions and provide the driver with a significantly longer range of visibility. Accordingly the Intelligent Light System makes a further, important contribution to accident prevention and helps to reduce the high risk of accidents when driving at night.
This new, adaptive lighting technology is made possible by a regulation on the part of the UN Economic Commission for Europe (ECE), which will also apply within the European Union from mid-2006. Mercedes-Benz plans to combine the Intelligent Light System with the bi-xenon headlamps offered as an option in the E-Class, becoming the first manufacturer to provide its customers with the best lighting technology currently available.
Four of these five lighting functions are new in the Mercedes-Benz E-Class. The engineers in Sindelfingen have developed and improved the already familiar and well-proven active light function.
Country mode: better illumination of the road edge
Driving on country roads in the dark is set to become even safer thanks to the new country mode. The ECE/EU directive covering "intelligent car headlamps" will enable low headlamp beams to be distributed in such a way that the left edge of the road is illuminated more brightly and widely than before. The driver’s range of vision is increased by around ten metres, which gives him a good view of both sides of the road, improves orientation and allows him to respond more rapidly when other road users cross his path. In E-Class models equipped with the Intelligent Light System, the new country mode will replace the existing low-beam headlamps.
Motorway mode: up to 60 percent better visibility in two stages
From a speed of 90 km/h the Intelligent Light System activates the new motorway mode and provides the driver with a significantly longer range of visibility than conventional low-beam headlamps. The range of visibility is increased by up to 60 percent.
Motorway mode is automatically activated in two stages: from a road speed of 90 km/h the system first increases the output of the bi-xenon lamps from 35 to 38 watts to provide more lighting intensity, which leads to noticeably better illumination of the road surface and edges. From a speed of 110 km/h the range of the nearside headlamp is also increased, producing a uniform cone of light, which illuminates the entire road width to a range of up to 120 metres. This means that vehicles or objects in the distance can be recognised across the entire width of the road, and at the centre of this cone of light the driver is able to see around 50 metres further than with conventional low beams.
Enhanced fog lamps
When visibility is impaired by dense fog, drivers quickly lose their orientation because they can no longer recognise familiar guiding features such as road markings and the black-and-white posts at the road edge. The main task of fog lamps is therefore to project a broad beam and distribute it in such a way that the road edges in particular are well illuminated. This enables drivers to follow the course of the road more easily.
The technology of the Intelligent Light System makes it possible to assist the fog lamps with this important task. To this end the left bi-xenon headlamp of the E Class will in future swivel outwards by eight degrees and, at the same time, lowers the cone of light. This illuminates the nearside of the road more efficiently, improving the driver’s visibility in this area. At the same time this wider light distribution reduces backglare in foggy conditions.
The new lighting function is automatically activated as soon as the rear fog lamp is switched on if the E-Class is not travelling faster than 70 km/h. The enhanced fog lamp function is automatically switched off when the vehicle speed exceeds 100 km/h.
Active light function: well-proven technology improved even further
The active light function, which Mercedes-Benz first made available in the E-Class at the beginning of 2003, improves road illumination on bends by up to 90 percent. In other words, when taking a sweeping bend with a radius of 190 metres, the active light function enables the driver to see 25 metres further than with conventional low-beam headlamps. This represents a considerable improvement in driving safety. The active light function operates with both the low-beam and main-beam functions.
The electronic control unit of the active light function is integrated into the data network of the E-Class, which continuously provides it with current information about the steering angle, yaw rate and vehicle speed. This allows the bi-xenon modules to follow the driver’s steering wheel movements and pivot sideways in fractions of a second whenever the driver enters a bend.
Mercedes-Benz has improved the technology of the active light function even further, and from mid-2006 the headlamps will be able to pivot by up to 15 degrees when negotiating a bend – three degrees more than at present. This means that tight bends will be illuminated even better than before.
Cornering light function: more safety at junctions
The cornering light function celebrated its premiere in the Mercedes-Benz C Class, CLS Class and SLK-Class in 2004. From mid-2006 it will be part of the lighting functions of the new Intelligent Light System in the E-Class, improving safety at junctions and on tight bends through the interaction of the bi-xenon headlamps and the fog lamps in the front bumper.
When the main headlamps are switched on, the cornering light function is automatically activated if the driver operates the indicator or turns the steering wheel at a speed below 40 km/h. The low-beam headlamps and fog lamps then illuminate the side area ahead of the vehicle to a range of around 30 metres at an angle of up to 65 degrees.
When cornering, this lighting function therefore makes road areas visible which would remain in the dark with conventional headlamp technology. In addition the cornering light function remains active even when taking bends slowly at speeds up to 40 km/h, allowing the driver to recognise the road contours more easily.
Technology: rotating cylinders in the bi-xenon modules
The two pivoting bi-xenon modules in the headlamp housings of the E-Class are at the heart of the Intelligent Light System. As before, they operate on the principle of the projection-beam headlamp, which focuses the beam through an optical lens. The light of the new, adaptive headlamps must however be precisely directed to achieve the different levels of light distribution. In the headlamps of the E-Class this is done by a rotating cylinder powered by an electric motor. The different lighting functions can be configured by precisely calculated and defined cylinder positions – also for left-hand traffic.
Standard equipment on the new generation E-Class
Braking distance reduced by over four metres at 80 km/h
As with the airbag, seatbelt tensioner, ESP® and other pioneering Mercedes safety systems, the development of the adaptive brake lights and Brake Assist also focused on the types of accidents that commonly occur under real conditions. More specifically, the researchers took into consideration the high number of rear-end collisions, which account for over 17 percent of all traffic accidents that result in fatalities and injuries in Germany.
In the USA, rear-end collisions account for 31 per cent of all accidents that result in deaths and injuries, according to statistics from the National Highway Traffic Safety Administration (NHTSA).
Flashing brake lights can contribute effectively to preventing these kinds of accidents. Studies carried out by Mercedes engineers show that drivers’ braking reaction time can be shortened by up to 0.2 seconds on average if a flashing red warning light is substituted for a conventional brake light in emergency braking situations. As a result, the braking distance can be reduced by 4.4 metres at a speed of 80 km/h, and by as much as 5.5 metres at 100 km/h. Flashing brake lights are therefore an effective means of preventing rear-end collisions. This technology means motoring also becomes safer even for those road users not driving a Mercedes-Benz.
The Mercedes experts tested various types of hazard lights for their study. Brake lights that flash four times faster than yellow hazard lights proved to be particularly effective in warning drivers of a possible rear-end collision. The Mercedes study also revealed that activating the hazard lights in dangerous situations had only a minor effect on drivers’ reaction times.
Page 1 – In Short
Page 2 – At a glance
Page 3 – Range
Page 4 – Safety
Page 5 – ILS
Page 6 – Engines
Page 7 – Direct Control
Page 8 – Adaptive brakes
Page 9 – Tradition
Torque: 18 percent more from the four-cylinder diesel engines
Output: 26-percent increase for the new E 500
Economy: average consumption for all models only nine litres per 100 km
Six of the ten engines for the new generation E-Class are new or further developments. The main goals of this initiative were to increase torque and output even further while maintaining a favourable fuel consumption, and Mercedes engineers have successfully achieved this. The output range of these engines now extends from 100 kW/136 hp to 378 kW/514 hp and is therefore significantly greater than previously (90 kW/122 hp to 350 kW/476 hp). Accordingly the E-Class is more than just a little ahead of its competitors in most displacement and output classes.
Particularly the diesel engines enter new dimensions in terms of torque: the maximum torque of the four-cylinder units is increased by up to 18 percent, and the V6-engine in the 320 CDI now delivers around six percent more torque.
Despite this considerable increase in output and torque, the fuel consumption of the models E 200 CDI to E 500 remains at the exemplary level of the preceding series, with an average of just nine litres per 100 kilometres. One third of the 27 model variants in the new generation E-Class consume less than eight litres of fuel – an impressive figure which documents another important quality attribute of the E-Class in addition to safety, comfort and driving pleasure, namely economy.
The exemplary petrol or diesel consumption of the Saloon and Estate models not only makes itself felt in the size of fuel bills, but also ensures greater independence when travelling. Very few refuelling stops are necessary even on long journeys. The E 320 CDI has a range of around 1100 kilometres on a full 80-litre tank, for example. The E 280 CDI, which is equipped with an 80-litre tank as standard in the ELEGANCE and AVANTGARDE lines, is even able to manage 1150 kilometres on a tankful. This roughly corresponds to the distance from Berlin to Venice, or Berlin to Paris.
The large-capacity fuel tank included as standard for the V6 and V8 models is available as an optional extra for the four-cylinder models and the E 280 CLASSIC.
Four-cylinder diesel engines: perfected to the last detail
Thanks to their economical yet powerful engines, the E 200 CDI and E 220 CDI are among the best-selling models in the E-Class. In the new generation of this Mercedes model series, these four-cylinder variants offer even more diesel driving enjoyment. The engineers in Untertürkheim have improved these direct-injection units in several respects, modifying more than 90 components in total. Some examples:
Larger oil spray nozzles supplied from a more powerful oil pump improve piston-cooling.
Shorter conrods and higher pistons have made it possible to reduce the compression ratio from 18.0 to 17.5, thereby increasing engine output.
The cylinder head has a new cooling concept for improved performance characteristics.
The air ducting in these engines has been improved in terms of pressure losses and noise characteristics.
The intercooler and turbocharger have been modified to improve the responsiveness of the CDI engines in the lower engine speed range, as well as reducing nitrogen oxide emissions even further.
The injection system, which operates on the efficient common-rail principle, has been developed further, with more advances in demand-related fuel metering e.g. through installation of a knock sensor. This results in noticeably reduced combustion noise.
The exhaust gas recirculation system is equipped with a cooling system which is activated by a by-pass as required.
Ceramic glow plugs reaching higher temperatures than the previous metal glow plugs improve the starting and cold running characteristics of the diesel engines.
Balancer shafts in the crankcase, which counter-rotate at twice the speed of the crankshaft, compensate inertia forces and ensure the smoothness and quietness typical of a six-cylinder engine. This Lanchester harmonic balancing is now also a standard feature in the E 200 CDI.
As a result of this extensive package of improvements, the CDI four-cylinder units generate over 13 percent more output and around 18 percent more torque. In figures: the new E 200 CDI (Saloon) now has an output of 100 kW/136 hp and develops its maximum torque of 340 newton metres from 2000 rpm. The fuel consumption remains unchanged at just 6.3 litres per 100 kilometres. The new E 220 CDI (Saloon and Estate) develops a maximum output of 125 kW/170 hp and makes its maximum torque of 400 newton metres available from 2000 rpm. The Saloon is happy with 6.3 litres of fuel per 100 kilometres, while the Estate consumes 7.1 litres.
In addition the engineers in Stuttgart have improved the torque characteristics by raising the engine cut-off point to 5000 rpm, enabling drivers to make fuller use of the gears.
|
|
E 200 CDI |
E 220 CDI |
|
Cylinder arrangement/ |
4/4 |
4/4 |
|
Displacement cc |
2148 |
2148 |
|
Bore/Stroke mm |
88.0/88.3 |
88.0/88.3 |
|
Compression ratio |
17.5 : 1 |
17.5 : 1 |
|
Output kW/hp |
100/136 |
125/170 |
|
Max. torque Nm at rpm |
340/2000 |
400/2000 |
|
Fuel consumption |
6.3 (Saloon) |
6.3 (Saloon) |
Six-cylinder diesel engines: E 320 CDI with 540 newton metres of torque
The diesel range for the E-Class continues to include the new V6-engines with 140 kW/190 hp and 165 kW/224 hp, as well as the muscular V8 direct-injection diesel whose 231 kW/314 hp makes it one of the most powerful engines in its class. The maximum torque of the E 320 CDI has increased from the previous 510 to 540 newton metres. This is already available from 1600 rpm, and remains constant up to 2400 rpm.
The maintenance-free particulate filter system developed by Mercedes-Benz is standard equipment in all diesel models of the new-generation E-Class.
Supercharged four-cylinder engine with 12.5 percent more output
More output and higher torque with the same fuel consumption – in the new-generation E-Class, Mercedes-Benz has also achieved this engine development goal in the case of the four-cylinder units of the E 200 KOMPRESSOR. A modified engine management system, a more dynamic supercharger and improved pistons have increased the output by 12.5 percent to 135 kW/184 hp. At the same time the maximum torque has increased from the previous 240 to 250 newton metres from 3500 rpm.
As a result the E 200 KOMPRESSOR accelerates from standstill to 100 km/h half a second more rapidly than before (9.1 s), with a six km/h higher maximum speed (236 km/h).
|
|
E 200 KOMPRESSOR |
|
Cylinder arrangement/ |
4/4 |
|
Displacement cc |
1796 |
|
Bore/Stroke mm |
82.0/85.0 |
|
Compression ratio |
8.5 : 1 |
|
Output kW/hp |
135/184 |
|
Max. torque Nm at rpm |
250/3500-4000 |
|
Fuel consumption |
8.2-8.8 (Saloon) |
Eight-cylinder petrol engine: new high-tech power unit for the E 500
Adopted from the S-Class, the newly developed V8-engine makes the E 500 the most powerful eight-cylinder model in its displacement class. This power unit develops 285 kW/388 hp from a displacement of 5.5 litres, an increase of more than 26 percent versus the previous V8. At 530 newton metres the torque also comfortably exceeds the maximum for the preceding engine by around 15 percent. This high level of torque is available from 2800 rpm and remains constant throughout a wide engine speed range up to 4800 rpm. Ideal conditions for powerful acceleration and fast intermediate sprints:
The new E 500 accelerates from zero to 100 km/h in 5.3 seconds, and is therefore 0.7 seconds faster than the previous eight-cylinder Saloon.
In third gear, the V8 Saloon sprints from 60 to 120 km/h in just 5.3 seconds.
The fact that the combined NEDC fuel consumption of 11.5 litres per 100 kilometres has remained at the level of the preceding model, despite a higher output and more torque, clearly demonstrates the efficiency of the up-to-date concept and high-tech features of the new Mercedes eight-cylinder unit.
A crankcase of diecast aluminium with low-friction aluminium/silicon cylinder liners is the solid and durable basis of the new Mercedes eight-cylinder engine. It houses a five-bearing, forged steel crankshaft with induction-hardened main and big-end bearings. The conrods are also of forged steel, with specific areas milled away to make them around one fifth lighter than the conrods of the previous V8 engine for the E-Class.
Shifting camshafts for a perfect gas cycle and higher torque
Mercedes engineers have used an intelligent valve control concept system in the new V6 engine of the E 280 and E 350, achieving remarkable progress and a major contribution to the good performance characteristics and low fuel consumption of the unit. In addition to four-valve technology, continuously adjustable intake and exhaust camshafts ensure that the cylinders are optimally supplied with fresh mixture. The valves are opened at precisely the right moment in any driving situation, significantly improving the gas cycle in the combustion chambers and reducing energy losses.
In the new eight-cylinder engine the engineers at Mercedes-Benz have optimised the effect of this four-fold, continuous camshaft adjustment by using so-called shifting camshafts.
These control the opening of the exhaust valves and improve the engine’s gas cycle even further. Depending on the ignition sequence, the exhaust cams are designed in such a way that the valves open at different times during the exhaust cycle. This reduces the pressure fluctuations in the exhaust tract which are inherent to a V8 engine, and which lead to an inconsistent residual gas content in the cylinders.
The valve lift on the exhaust sides of the new Mercedes eight-cylinder engine is as follows:
Cylinders 3, 4, 5, 7: 180 degrees crankshaft with 2 mm valve lift
Cylinders 1, 2, 6, 8: 190 degrees crankshaft with 2 mm valve lift
The newly developed shifting camshafts improve the torque and smoothness of the V8 engine by ensuring a more uniform residual gas content, a higher knock limit and better cylinder charging in the lower to medium engine speed range. At 2000 rpm, for example, the effective mean pressure is around six percent (10.3 : 11.0 bar) higher than in a comparable engine without shifting camshafts.
Two-stage intake module and tumble flaps for better combustion
In addition, the new V8 features the same technical innovations for situation-related control of the combustion processes that have already proved successful in the six-cylinder engine:
Two-stage intake module for a controlled air supply depending on the engine load and engine speed;
Optimised airflow for the best possible engine aspiration;
Tumble flaps at the end of each intake duct for more complete combustion.
|
|
E 500 |
|
Cylinder arrangement/ |
V8/4 |
|
Displacement cc |
5461 |
|
Bore/Stroke mm |
98.0/90.5 |
|
Compression ratio |
10.7 : 1 |
|
Output kW/hp |
285/388 |
|
Max. torque Nm at rpm |
530 |
|
Fuel consumptio |
11.5 (Saloon) |
The developers of the new Mercedes eight-cylinder engine have also made a major contribution to fuel economy with a sophisticated heat management system. Coolant circulation is interrupted during the warm-up phase, for example, so that the engine reaches its normal operating temperature more rapidly. This in turn improves the oil flow and considerably reduces friction in the engine. When the engine is warm and under full load, the heat flows are directed in such a way that the engine oil and coolant are always at an optimal temperature. This is ensured by an innovative, electronic map controlled thermostat which is active in all operating situations and adjusts the coolant temperature according to the style of driving and the prevailing conditions. This also enables the heat supply to the heat exchanger in the heating system to be controlled as needed.
Twin catalytic converters und linear lambda control for low exhaust emissions
The emission control system of the new Mercedes eight-cylinder follows a two-stage concept and is therefore highly effective. In addition to in-engine measures such as continuous camshaft adjustment, need-related combustion control by tumble flaps, exhaust gas recirculation and secondary air injection, which ensure low untreated emissions, the new E 500 is equipped with two close-coupled catalytic converters as standard. These consist of two individual monoliths or bricks, each of which is monitored by two lambda sensors: a control sensor and a diagnostic sensor which analyses the exhaust flow in the gap between the two bricks.
This lambda control is linear, which means that the lambda sensors are already active immediately after a cold start, supplying information about the exhaust gas constituents for the electronic control unit of the V8 engine to process when controlling the warm-up phase. This enables the catalytic converters to reach their normal operating temperature more rapidly.
Thanks to its ultra-modern technology and efficient emission control system, the new eight-cylinder engine complies with the most stringent exhaust emission standards currently in force; it also has the potential to meet limits which are planned for the future.
Page 1 – In Short
Page 2 – At a glance
Page 3 – Range
Page 4 – Safety
Page 5 – ILS
Page 6 – Engines
Page 7 – Direct Control
Page 8 – Adaptive brakes
Page 9 – Tradition
Steering: more direct ratio for greater responsiveness
Suspension: greater transverse agility by virtue of a newly developed front axle bearing
Manual transmission: more precise and comfortable control
The new-generation E-Class not only looks more dynamic, but performs accordingly. An intelligently conceived package of measures has enabled Mercedes engineers to achieve further significant progress where agility and handling are concerned – and without compromising the unique synergy of safety and long-distance comfort for which the E-Class Saloon and Estate models have always been known.
This package is called DIRECT CONTROL. The name can be taken quite literally, for now the steering, suspension and manual transmission of the E-Class operate even more directly, i.e. with more responsiveness and agility than before.
The driver already feels these new characteristics during the first few miles, as the specialists in Sindelfingen have reconfigured the most important interface between man and machine, namely the steering. A ten percent more direct steering ratio (14.7 instead of the previous 16.3) means that the E-Class responds more readily, while retaining the reassuring handling safety and ride stability that contributes so much to relaxed travel over long distances. The characteristic mapping of the steering has also been modified, with the aim of achieving even more direct responsiveness. This is particularly felt when the steering is centred.
At the four-link front suspension of the E-Class, Mercedes engineers have re-developed and reconfigured the spring link bearing. This means that the bearing, which can move in three directions – forwards, backwards and to the side – now has a considerably higher transverse rigidity of 9000 newtons per millimetre – twice as much as before. This enables the bearing to withstand the lateral forces acting on the front axle when entering a bend even more effectively, reducing the understeer of both the Saloon and Estate. This has no effect whatsoever on the high level of ride comfort, as the longitudinal characteristics of the spring link bearing remain the same.
In addition Mercedes-Benz is equipping the front and rear axles of the ELEGANCE line with a feature which was previously only available for the AVANTGARDE line and models with the sports package, namely rebound buffer springs in the damper struts. These limit the movement of the shock absorbers when negotiating bends, thereby reducing body roll.
Suspension variants: from sporty to comfortable
As before, Mercedes E-Class customers are also able to cater for their personal preferences where the configuration of the suspension system is concerned. The following choices are available:
the specially configured AVANTGARDE suspension with a lowered body, 15 percent stiffer spring settings and 17-inch wheels (16-inch in the E 200 CDI and E 220 CDI);
the further improved sports suspension with a stiffer spring, shock absorber and stabiliser configuration, as well as rebound buffer springs at the front and rear axles. The body is lowered by 15 millimetres with this suspension variants;
the sports package/AMG sports package with mixed 18-inch tyres: 245/40 R 18 at the front and 265/35 R 18 at the rear;
AIRMATIC DC air suspension, which works in tandem with the Adaptive Damping System (standard in the E 420 CDI and E 500).
Manual transmission: faster, more comfortable gear changes
The DIRECT CONTROL package also includes a new gearshift linkage system for the six-speed manual transmission, leading to far better gearshifting comfort and precision. In contrast to the previous linkage, which transferred linear and lateral movements of the shift lever separately to the transmission, a single shift rod now transfers both movements simultaneously. This enables the previous guide linkages to be dispensed with. The practical result is faster and more positive gearshifting.
The six-cylinder models E 320 CDI and E 350, as well as the eight-cylinder E 420 CDI and E 500, are equipped with the unique seven-speed automatic transmission as standard. In conjunction with the sports package, the 7G-TRONIC transmission of the E 350 and E 500 offers a manual shift mode (M) in which the driver is able to change the gears by nudging newly developed, ergonomically shaped gearshift paddles on the steering wheel. This shortens the acceleration time by up to 0.2 seconds – in the E 280 with 7G-TRONIC from 7.3 to 7.1 seconds, in the E 350 from 6.9 to 6.7 seconds and in the E 500 from 5.1 to 4.9 seconds.
Page 1 – In Short
Page 2 – At a glance
Page 3 – Range
Page 4 – Safety
Page 5 – ILS
Page 6 – Engines
Page 7 – Direct Control
Page 8 – Adaptive brakes
Page 9 – Tradition
Technology: hydraulic brake with electronic control
Additional functions: even more safety and comfort
ADAPTIVE BRAKE is technology from the Mercedes-Benz flagship models which is now entering the E-Class. Electronic control enables the hydraulic, dual-circuit braking system to provide support functions which further improve safety and comfort. These include priming of the braking system in critical situations: the braking system interprets rapid removal of the driver’s foot from the accelerator as an emergency braking situation. In this case ADAPTIVE BRAKE increases the pressure in the brake lines and brings the brake linings into light contact with the brake discs, so that they are then able to bite immediately and with full force when the brake pedal is depressed. In this way the system supports the functions of Brake Assist.
ADAPTIVE BRAKE also improves safety in wet conditions: in the wet, the technology applies regular, brief braking impulses to wipe the film of water from the brake discs and ensure that the brakes are able to perform at their peak. The automatic brake drying function is always activated when the windscreen wipers of the E-Class have been operating for a certain time. The driver does not notice the finely metered braking impulses.
Once the E-Class has been braked to a stop, simply keeping the brake pedal depressed for a short time activates this function. The S-Class is then held in position by the brake – even when the driver removes his foot from the brake pedal. In this way the HOLD function prevents the vehicle from rolling forward unintentionally at traffic lights or in stop-and-go traffic. The holding function is switched off automatically when the car moves off again.
Page 1 – In Short
Page 2 – At a glance
Page 3 – Range
Page 4 – Safety
Page 5 – ILS
Page 6 – Engines
Page 7 – Direct Control
Page 8 – Adaptive brakes
Page 9 – Tradition
From the "Pontoon" Mercedes to the twin-headlamp face
Always the innovative leader in safety and ride comfort
Leader in the modern estate car segment since 1977
E-Class – although the designation for the Mercedes model series has only officially existed since 1993, the origins of the series, which has always combined outstanding comfort and the greatest reliability with the highest safety and innovative technology, go back over six decades.
In other words, the Mercedes-Benz E-Class is a series with a long heritage.
It was on September 8, 1953 that Dr. Fritz Könecke, the Chairman of Daimler-Benz AG, presented the new Mercedes-Benz 180 and thereby laid the foundation stone for a model series now known as the E-Class. In 1953 this saloon entered a social scene in which kidney-shaped tables and petticoats were becoming the height of fashion, and Daimler-Benz was no less courageous in addressing the future with its new model. There was a perceptible, sharp intake of breath in the motoring world, for the Mercedes-Benz 180 was a complete departure from the styling of the 1930s: continuous side walls without free-standing wings formed a self-supporting body, though this had already been expected of the world’s most tradition-laden car manufacturer. Indeed Daimler-Benz had long realised that "producing automobiles is not just a matter of technical advances, but equally depends on constant changes in popular taste", as its Chairman emphasised at the time.
There were also technical reasons for the new body design. The unitary body, which was still combined with a frame/floor system, gave the vehicle more torsional rigidity than the preceding model 170 S, while also saving considerable weight. Another technical highlight was the double-wishbone front suspension, which was for the first time mounted on a front subframe which also carried the engine and transmission for much easier repairs. The car was powered by a four-cylinder engine with a displacement of 1.8 litres and 52 hp, which have the model 180 a maximum speed of 126 km/h.
It was already a part of the Mercedes philosophy to incorporate technical advances into series production as quickly as possible. Accordingly the engineers already replaced the dual-joint swing axle with the more up-to-date single-joint design with a low pivoting point in September 1955, producing a further, significant improvement in the already very good handling characteristics.
In May 1956 the successful model 180 was joined by the Mercedes-Benz 190. Although externally practically identical with the exception of more chrome trim, the main difference was the 75 hp four-cylinder with an overhead camshaft adopted from the 190 SL Roadster. In September 1957 the Mercedes-Benz 180 was also equipped with this new engine, though only with an output of 65 hp. By way of compensation it was given a slightly wider radiator grille and the larger rear lights which also characterised the first model 190.
Neither should the diesel be forgotten. Spring 1954 saw the introduction of the model 180 D with 40 hp, which was joined by three further output variants in autumn 1955. Their reliability and durability had already become so legendary that Mercedes diesels became the taxi model of preference – as they still are today. From October 1958 the model 190 was therefore also offered as a diesel variant. The engineers had developed the power unit of the 190 D from the petrol engine – with an overhead camshaft as an unusual feature in a diesel, an output of 50 hp and a maximum speed of up to 125 km/h.
1961 to 1968: a Mercedes-Benz with "tailfins"
The public had already become accustomed to the "Pontoon’s" successor before it was presented at the International Motor Show (IAA) in September 1961 – or at least to two thirds of it. Looking rearwards from the windscreen, the new model resembled the large Mercedes models in the S-Class, which had already been launched two years before. The only external differences were the 14.5-centimetre shorter front end and the round headlamps.
It was mainly the rear end that caused a sensation, for the saloons in both the premium class and the new medium class sported a typically transatlantic styling feature - tailfins. Their sharp yet discreet contours effectively underlined the trapezoidal lines of the bodywork.
In technical terms the new medium-class saloon delivered what was expected of a car bearing the Mercedes star on its bonnet. 80 hp accelerated the Mercedes-Benz 190 c to 150 km/h. Two months later the petrol model was followed by the 190 Dc, whose diesel engine powered this model from zero to 100 km/h in 29 seconds and gave it a maximum speed of 130 km/h – an extraordinary performance for a diesel in those days. Indeed the diesel variant of the "tailfin" proved to be a bestseller, for in 1965 almost two thirds of buyers opted for the diesel version of the model 190.
From August 1962 the model 190 also became available with an in-house four-speed automatic transmission, and one year later Mercedes-Benz added disc brakes to the front wheels and equipped the model with two separate brake circuits. In 1965, in time for the International Motor Show in Frankfurt/Main, the engine was given a larger displacement, more output (95 hp), a five-bearing crankshaft and above all a new model designation: from then on, the medium-class model was called the Mercedes-Benz 200. Externally this second edition featured additional lighting units containing the foglamps, parking lights and indicators beneath the headlamps, as well as trapezoidal rear light clusters.
1968 to 1976: into the seventies with the "Stroke 8"
The new Mercedes model appeared in January 1968, and is still commonly known as the "Stroke 8" to this day. This has its origin in the model designation, which initially extended from the 200 D/8 to the 250/8. The unusual "/8" suffix, which unintentionally became a nickname for this model series, was originally intended to indicate the year of introduction. This was necessary to distinguish the "new-generation" models, i.e. the "Stroke 8", from their predecessors bearing the same name.
Be that as it may, the "Stroke 8" was unmistakable. It was not only fully in keeping with the times in technical and stylistic terms, but even slightly ahead of them. The old swing axle had been replaced by a modern diagonal swing axle, while many saw a certain Mediterranean flair in its external lines. Despite its compact dimensions it still offered generous space in the interior.
The new model also featured a number of much-admired innovations, including the so-called "clap-hands" windscreen wipers, recessed switches in a padded dashboard, a foot-operated parking brake and the multi-function control stalk, which was recognised as a trailblazing achievement by the motoring world. To cap the euphoric response of the specialist world to its handling characteristics, the "Stroke 8" went on to gain an outstanding reputation for well thought-out perfection, and it was seen as technically almost unbeatable. In addition Daimler-Benz offered a choice of engines previously unprecedented in the medium class: the model known internally as the W 115 was initially available with a four-cylinder petrol or diesel power unit, while the visually almost identical model 114 was equipped with a six-cylinder petrol engine. From 1974 the world’s first five-cylinder diesel engine caused a sensation in the "Stroke 8" series, its 80 hp making this model the most powerful diesel passenger car.
Dr. Joachim Zahn, the Chairman of the Daimler-Benz Executive Board, stated that "This product range consisting of 15 models is the start of a new chapter in the development of our company." He particularly referred to further improvements in passive and active safety – a development field in which Mercedes automobiles had always taken a leading role. Indeed, the models in the "Stroke 8" series incorporated all the trailblazing safety features which Daimler-Benz had developed over decades of pioneering work: the safety bodyshell, safety door locks, interior appointments designed to reduce secondary injuries in an accident and the safety steering column, to name but a few. The model facelift in autumn 1973 added dirt-deflecting side windows and rear lights, front head restraints and inertia-reel seat belts.
1976 to 1985: wedge-shaped body contours in the Mercedes medium class
Before the last examples of the "Stroke 8" had left the production lines, Mercedes-Benz presented its successor, known internally as the W 123, in January 1976. Externally this had grown by 45 millimetres in length and 16 millimetres in width. The classic Mercedes-Benz radiator grille had a flatter appearance, and was framed by round twin headlamps sharing a single lens – or horizontal, rectangular headlamps in the case of the top-of-the-range models 280 and 280 E.
The were initially nine variants in the new model series: four diesel and five petrol saloons. Under the skin Mercedes engineers had incorporated futher innovations for even more passive safety: they moved the fuel tank to a protected location above the rear axle, thereby creating long crumple zones for the entire rear end. They also dispensed with the previous front subframe, providing a larger deformation zone in this area too.
As a third body variant in addition to the 123-series Saloon and Coupé, Mercedes-Benz presented an Estate model with a "T" on the boot lid at the International Motor Show in 1977. The product specialists explained that this suffix stood for "Tourism and Transport", thereby ushering in a new trend in the development of estate cars. The Mercedes-Benz rid the estate car of its image as a "commercial vehicle", while its high-quality appointments also made it interesting for very demanding customers. Exactly 28 years ago, the E-Class Estate was therefore the trendsetter for this successful car species.
1985 to 1995: a fresh start in design and technology
New styling, a new body, new axles, new engines, a 30-percent reduction in drag area and less weight – in brief terms, these were the major attributes of the new Mercedes medium class presented in December 1984. In fact the new series (W 124) had been redesigned from the ground up: high-strength steel panels made it lighter and helped to reduce the fuel consumption by up to 20 percent. The optimised forked-member body structure reduced the risk of injury to the occupants in the event of an offset frontal impact. The automatic locking differential (ASD), acceleration skid control (ASR) and 4MATIC four-wheel drive had their debut in the W 124.
All this effort paid off. After all, the models in the upper medium class were the mainstay of the passenger car business for Daimler-Benz. Accordingly there were rapid additions to the model range: the Estate model was presented at the International Motor Show in 1985, while two Coupé models were launched in March 1987.
There were also considerable advances in drive technology. 1989 saw the start of the "Diesel Initiative 89", with revised power units which reduced particulate emissions by 40 percent. Four years later Mercedes-Benz introduced four-valve technology for the diesel as a world first, including exhaust gas recirculation and an oxidising catalytic converter as standard. At the same time new petrol engines with four-valve technology and fully electronic engine management with non-distributor high-voltage ignition and the databus (CAN bus) were realised. Another far-reaching decision was made in 1993: from then on, the upper medium-class by Mercedes-Benz was called the "E-Class".
1995 to 2001: twin headlamps to symbolise a new brand image
"New Eyes" was the slogan with which the new E-Class was launched on a Europe-wide basis on June 23, 1995. Four elliptical headlamps made for a completely new and dynamic face and attracted a great deal of attention. However, the new E-Class also came with the sensational coefficient of air resistance of Cd=0.27, featured more than 30 technical innovations, included a particularly extensive range of standard appointments and offered exemplary occupant safety. This was not only ensured by large deformation zones in the front and rear ends, for Mercedes-Benz was also the first automobile manufacturer to install belt force limiters and sidebags as standard. The E-Class also gave its customers more personal scope than ever before: for more individuality this model series offered a choice of three different design and equipment lines for the first time -- CLASSIC, ELEGANCE and AVANTGARDE.
The new V6-engines installed from the beginning of 1997 were 25 percent lighter than the previous in-line six-cylinder units. Like their three-valve technology and phased twin-spark ignition, the world’s first use of light-alloy cylinder liners with a particularly low-friction surface made a lower fuel consumption possible. In June 1998 the diesel models in the E-Class – henceforth known as the E 200 CDI and E 220 CDI – were enhanced with new CDI diesel power units with common-rail direct injection and turbocharging. Following the model facelift in July 1999, which introduced more than 1800 further improvements, the E-Class was equipped with the Electronic Stability Program ESP® as standard to reduce the danger of skidding significantly. Equipped with the new 4MATIC, the E-Class was now able to dispense with conventional locking differentials because the system applied brake pressure to spinning wheels until they had regained their traction.
One year after its world debut the E-Class, which was the first to introduce the four-headlamp face and had successfully achieved a prime position in this market segment by virtue of numerous technical innovations, became available as an Estate with a large load compartment with set new standards.
The seventh-generation Mercedes-Benz E-Class has been well on course since spring 2002. At the beginning of 2003 it was followed by the attractive Estate, which likewise excels with technological exclusivity at the highest level.